Waste Characterization of Solid Waste
This study method produces waste composition data that can be correlated to specific types of waste generators, such as specific categories of business or industry, multi-family buildings, or single-family residences in specific neighborhoods. Waste samples are obtained at the location where they were generated – e.g., from the dumpsters or disposal
Collection of Data on Solid Wastes
In this section we will present various steps on collecting data, its presentation and information derived from this data. This data is useful in generating comprehensive information on the quantity and type of recyclables and recoverable materials / energy to prioritize the recovery opportunities. The information inferred from the
Guidelines for Site Selection for Landfills for Solid Waste
Decision about design period, it is recommended that neither too long nor too small should be selected. For example, 60 years is considered as too long for landfills, while 10 years as too small. Thirty years design period looks appropriate; however, expert stakeholders may decide with appropriate flexibility.
Sanitary Landfills Vs. Dump Sites
Sanitary landfills are solid waste disposal sites which are properly planned and developed utilizing engineering principles to ensure environmental protection and better quality of life for human being in the surrounding regions; while, dump sites (or dumps) are randomly available places where waste is simply thrown with owners’ permission
Requirements of Solid Waste Disposal Sites
Better planning (based on proper estimation of waste generation rates, population, changes in generation rates and population, diversion factors etc.), proper design and construction (size/ capacity according to requirements, arrangements for leachate and gases recovery, cover requirements, and liners etc.), and continuous
Importance of Solid Waste Collection
The collection efficiency of Municipal Solid Waste varies by national income and by region. In developing countries like Pakistan, the collection services make up the bulk of a municipality’s SWM budget (as high as 80 to 90% in many cases leaving less for other components of the SWM services), yet collection rates tend to be low (40-65% in South Asian
Types of Solid Waste Collection Systems
For the successful waste minimization programs, the waste must be collected appropriately and be transported to the recycling and recovery facilities or disposal areas. There must be efficient waste collection methods and good programs for waste collection because they affect the success of waste management programs significantly.
Heath and Safety Issues due to Solid Wastes
Solid waste management crises are directly related to the human health, economy and environment. In developing world, solid waste management authorities are seriously facing the associated problems in collection, transportation and disposal of communal solid waste. In Pakistan, due to improper planning and lack of funding the solid waste
Physical Characteristics of Solid Waste
In order to identify the exact characteristics of municipal wastes, it is necessary that we analyze those using physical, chemical and biological parameters which are discussed below: Information and data on the physical characteristics of solid wastes are important for the selection and operation of equipment and for the analysis and design of
Factors Affecting Solid Waste Management System
Following are the factors affecting solid waste management system, its design, development, and operation: Institutional Factors Social Factors Financial Factors Economic Factors Technical Factors Environmental Factors Institutional factors affecting solid waste management system involve law and policies that allow the government to effectively
Collection of Solid Wastes
Collection of Solid Wastes and separated waste in an urban area is difficult and complex because the generation of residential and commercial-industrial solid waste takes place in every home, every apartment building, and every commercial and industrial facility as well as in the streets, parks, and even vacant areas.
Functional Elements of Solid Waste Management System
A comprehensive solid waste management system comprises of six basic functional elements including generation of the solid waste, on-site handling & storage, its collection, transfer & transport, material and resource recovery and disposal. Generation of solid waste is a result of natural, human and animal activities. Knowledge of generation of solidTypes of Solid Wastes - Based on Origin and Composition
Solid wastes are the organic and inorganic waste materials such as product packaging, grass clippings, furniture, clothing, bottles, kitchen refuse, paper, appliances, paint cans, batteries, etc., produced in a society, which do not generally carry any value to the first user(s). Solid wastes, thus, encompass both a heterogeneous mass of wastes from the urbanHospital Waste - Definition, Risks and Segregation Guidelines
Hospital waste or Biomedical waste are any kind of waste that contains infectious or potentially infectious material. These materials can include waste generated by healthcare facilities like clinics, hospitals, laboratories, medical research facilities, and veterinary clinics. Medical waste can contain bodily fluids like blood or other contaminants.
