Environmental Impacts of Coastal Structures
The placement of engineered structures on or near the coastline must be contemplated with extreme care. In general, alteration of the natural coastline comes with an associated environmental penalty. Hard (structures made of stone, steel, concrete, etc.) or soft (beach nourishment, sediment-filled bags, etc.) engineering structures can
Prospects of Large Dams
The aggregate storage capacity of large dams, based on dam design, is about 6000 km3. Assuming that half the design storage is achieved in reality, the aggregate real storage capacity of large dams globally is similar to total freshwater withdrawals estimated at around 3800 km3. The construction of large dams has led to the displacement of some
Scope, Benefits and Problems in Environmental Impact Assessment
The study of EIA effectiveness shows a number of difficulties and constraints, generally although not universally applicable, that continue to prevent and hinder EIA from consistently delivering these advantages and benefits:
What is Environmental Impact Assessment and its Objectives
An environment impact Assessment is an event or effect, which results from a prior event. It can be described as the change in an environmental parameter, over a specific period and within a defined area, resulting from a particular activity compared with the situation which would have occurred had the activity not been initiated.
Environmental Impacts of Dams
In this way, serious accidents can occur: the dams are only built to withstand a certain amount of water pressure; with the pressure from the sediment in some time the wall either explodes or water is caused to go above the dam, creating a waterfall; in both cases, a lot of organisms, including humans are in great danger. Dams are created in order to change the currents
Environmental Impact of Ordinary Portland Cement
There are lots of environmental impacts of Cement on our ecology. One of the major problems is emission of CO2 from the Cement industry. It is found that world yearly 1.6 billion tons production of cement covers 7% of carbon dioxide's yearly production. As CO2 is harmful for human health and also for the wild life. It causes many respiratory problems like asthma, bronchitis, and nasal infections.
Impact of Indian Dams in Kashmir on Pakistani Rivers
Pakistan is an agricultural country. Eighty percent of its agricultural output comes from the Indus Basin. Pakistan has one of the world's largest canal systems built much before Independence by the British. On April 1, 1948, India stopped the supply of water to Pakistan from every canal flowing from India to Pakistan. Pakistan protested and India finally agreed on an interimImpact of Small Hydropower Projects
Renewable energy can make a significant contribution to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction. It should be accepted that although through having no emissions of CO2 and other pollutants, electricity production in small hydro plants is environmentally rewarding, the fact is that due to their location in sensitive areas, local impacts are not always negligible.
Factors Affecting Stability of Road Pavements
The thickness of pavements depends on a number of variables, but from experience it has been found that the following factors affect the performance of pavements to a great extent. Traffic Factors, Soil Factors, Environmental Factors, Stress Distribution Factors.. Traffic is the most important factor in the pavement design. The key factors include contact pressure
