Because of the wide variety of geosynthetics available, along with their different polymers, filaments, bonding mechanisms, thicknesses, masses, and so on, they have a wide range of physical and mechanical properties. A further complicating factor is the variability of some properties, even within the same manufactured lot or roll. Differences may sometimes be due

The development of a plastic stress distribution over the cross-section can be hindered by two different length effects: A simply supported beam can be subjected to gravity transverse loading. Due to this loading the beam will deflect downward and its upper part will be placed in compression and hence will act as compression member. Beams are generally

Shearing Failure of Bolts Bearing Failure of plate Tearing failure at edge of plate

Take at least 25g of soil which has been passed through sieve#4 and place it in an oven at fixed temperature of 105-110C0for 24hours to dry it completely. Clean and dry the pycnometer thoroughly and find its mass (M1). Find the mass (M2) of pycnometer by placing dried soil in it. Add sufficient quantity of water to fill the pycnometer up to the given mark and then

Steel fibers are short discontinues strips of specially manufactured steel.Their inclusion in the concrete improves the mechanical properties of concrete significantly. As the most common matrix, which is now in use in construction industry is Reinforced Cement Concrete. Reinforced cement concrete is combination of steel, cement, aggregates & water. Concrete acts