Roadway patterns are very essential in the development of the settlements of a city. However, recent development in cities does not give importance to the study of the road patterns that give rise to numerous roads that are not interconnected, housing schemes and commercial developments built far away where roads are very distant from the center of the town. The

A retaining wall is a structure that retains (holds back) any material (usually earth) and prevents it from sliding or eroding away. It is designed so that to resist the material pressure of the material that it is holding back. An earth retaining structure can be considered to have the following types: Pre-stressed retaining wall Gravity Walls Reinforced Gravity Walls Concrete Cantilever retaining wall Counter-fort / Buttressed retaining wall Precast concrete retaining wall Prestressed retaining wall

Means to complete project activities are called RESOURCES. Examples are People, Machinery, Material, Capital, Time, etc. Peak demands of resources over short periods is undesirable. Resources may be limited or unlimited in nature from project to project.

Detailing is as important as design since proper detailing of engineering designs is an essential link in the planning and engineering process as some of the most devastating connections. ACI Reinforcement location in non prismatic beam. ACI reinforcement detailing in cantilever beam. A design engineer's responsibility should include assuring the structural safety

The Download package contains video tutorials and the companion folder has the primavera course notes used in the primavera project planner video tutorials.