Importance of Settling Basins: Diversion Weirs with Storage Reservoir
Silt is considered to be a life threat for hydropower/Storage reservoir projects such as weirs, dams etc apart from decreasing capacity of these projects it also damages the mechanical parts of hydropower projects. To remove/reduce silt from rivers/water settling basins or Under sluices are usually adopted, If reservoir of a weir would itself act as
Penstocks in HydroPower Plants - Definition and Applications
Penstock is a hydraulic structure that carries water under pressure from forebay/Headrace tunnel to the power house to run the turbines and generate power or Penstock can also be defined as “A conduit that delivers a rapid flow of water at pressure”. Applications of Penstock
Hydraulic Design of Inverted Siphon
Shamozai distributary clefts from Machai Branch Canal at RD: 51+000, Machai canal is a part of upper Swat canal system off-taking from Amandara Headworks on River Swat and operated under the control of Dargai subdivision Malakand. Shamozai Disty carries a design discharge of 77 Cusecs,
Headrace Tunnels - Definition, Uses and Types of Headrace Tunnels
There are different definitions for headrace tunnel (HRT) used at different scenarios. “Headrace tunnel takes water from connecting channels and convey it to the fore bay or directly to the penstock provided with surge shaft” depending upon the project and site requirements some times also known as power tunnels.
Factors Affecting Type of Canal Lining
When the canal passes through the sandy soil the seepage loss is at maximum and the canal is unstable. So, to make the canal perfectly impervious and reasonably stable, the most impervious types of linings should be recommended such as cement concrete etc. The smoothness of the canal bed and sides increases the velocity of flow which further increases
Factors Affecting Design of a Barrage
Factors affecting the Design of Barrage are as follows: Estimation of Design Flood Hydraulic Units Width of Barrage Afflux Tail Water Rating Curve Crest Levels Discharges through a Barrage (Free Flow Conditions) Discharge through a Barrage (Submerged Flow Conditions) Fane's Curve Gibson's Curve
Definitions of Technical Terms in Hydraulic Structures
When the angle between the headwork axis and the river axis exceeds 10°, the problem arises of concentration of flow on one side and island formation due to heavy silting within the guide bank on the other side. If the river axis is to the right of headwork axis, the concentration of flow is generally generally on the left side with consequent tendency to form an islandRiver Training Works - Methods, Benefits and Functions
Force the river into restricted channel, to ensure almost axial flow near the weir site. (embankments in continuation of G-Banks. To contain flood within flood plains). Provided on the upstream in order to protect the area from submergence due to rise in HFL, caused by afflux. Embankment type structures constructed transverse to river flood, extending from the
Factors Affecting Structure Shape and Capacity of Culverts
Ideally, the axis of a culvert should coincide with that of the natural stream bed and the structure should be straight and short. This may require modification of the culvert alignment and grade. Often it is more practical to construct the culvert at right angles to the roadway. However, the
Determination of Discharge Capacity and Number of Spillways
The maximum discharge capacity and the number of spillways are determined by studying the following factors: By studying the flood hydrograph of past ten years, the maximum flood discharge may be computed which is to be disposed off completely through the spillways. The water level in the reservoir should never be allowed to rise above the maximum pool
Factors Affecting Location and Necessity of Spillways
The height of the dam is always fixed according to the maximum reservoir capacity. The normal pool level indicates the maximum capacity of the reservoir. The water is never stored in the reservoir above this level. The dam may fail by over turning so, for the safety of the dam the spillways are essential. The top of the dam is generally utilized by making road.
Design of Weir and Conditions for Stability & Maximum stress
In any hydropower projects the diversion structures occupies the key position. Among these diverging structures weir is the most commonly used structure, because of its simple design and operation. Different types of weir can be used as diverging structures some of them are given below: Sharp crested weir Broad crested weir Ogee weir Tyrolean weir weir with lateral intake etcDesign of Water Channel (Canals)
The channel is the same thing that is used for the water carriage purpose, however in case of hydropower projects the channel that takes water from the intake (Diversion Structure) is usually called connecting channel. It's tunnel is to be used in between the intake and power house otherwise called headrace channel, if no tunnel is to be used in between the intake and
